Number Analogy MCQS | Download Number Analogy Work sheet PDF for SSC MTS, SSC CGL UPSSSC 2024

Number analogy is a type of logical reasoning where a relationship or pattern between numbers is identified and applied to find the missing or related number. It involves recognizing mathematical operations, sequences, or transformations between given numbers to establish a consistent rule.

For example:
2 : 4 :: 3 : ?
(Same relationship should apply to the second pair as it does to the first.)
Since 2 × 2 = 4, applying the same rule: 3 × 2 = 6
So, the answer is 6.

Number analogies can be categorized into different types based on the pattern or relationship between numbers. Here are the main types:

1. Direct Arithmetic Analogy

• Based on basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• Example:
  4 : 8 :: 6 : ?
  (4 × 2 = 8, so 6 × 2 = 12) → Answer: 12

2. Square and Cube Analogy

• Involves squares, cubes, or their roots.
• Example:
  5 : 25 :: 7 : ?
  (5² = 25, so 7² = 49) → Answer: 49

3. Prime Number Analogy

• Based on prime numbers or their positions.
• Example:
  3 : 5 :: 7 : ?
  (Next prime after 3 is 5, next prime after 7 is 11) → Answer: 11

4. Difference-Based Analogy

• The difference between numbers follows a pattern.
• Example:
  10 : 15 :: 20 : ?
  (10 + 5 = 15, so 20 + 5 = 25) → Answer: 25

5. Multiplication/Division Pattern

• Uses consistent multiplication or division.
• Example:
  6 : 18 :: 7 : ?
  (6 × 3 = 18, so 7 × 3 = 21) → Answer: 21

6. Reverse Number Analogy

• Numbers are reversed in position.
• Example:
  12 : 21 :: 45 : ?
  (Reverse digits of 12 to get 21, so reverse 45 to get 54) → Answer: 54

7. Alternating Sequence Analogy

• Two different patterns alternating.
• Example:
  2 : 4 : 6 : 10 : ?
  (Pattern: +2, +4, +2, +4… next is 10 + 2 = 12) → Answer: 12

8. Factorial Analogy

• Based on factorial values (n!).
• Example:
  2 : 2 :: 3 : 6 :: 4 : ?
  (2! = 2, 3! = 6, 4! = 24) → Answer: 24

9. Fibonacci Series Analogy

• Based on Fibonacci numbers (each number is the sum of the two preceding ones).
• Example:
  1 : 1 :: 2 : 3 :: 3 : ?
  (1 + 1 = 2, 1 + 2 = 3, 2 + 3 = 5) → Answer: 5

10. Mixed Operation Analogy

• Combination of different operations.
• Example:
  5 : 30 :: 6 : ?
  (5 × (5+1) = 30, so 6 × (6+1) = 42) → Answer: 42

Here are some tricks for different types of number analogies to help you identify patterns quickly:

1. Arithmetic-Based Tricks

✅ Addition/Subtraction Trick: Look for a consistent difference.
🔹 Example:
7 : 10 :: 12 : ?
(7 + 3 = 10, so 12 + 3 = 15) → Answer: 15

✅ Multiplication/Division Trick: Check if one number is a multiple of another.
🔹 Example:
3 : 9 :: 4 : ?
(3 × 3 = 9, so 4 × 3 = 12) → Answer: 12

✅ Mixed Operations Trick: If basic operations don’t work alone, try combining them.
🔹 Example:
5 : 30 :: 6 : ?
(5 × (5+1) = 30, so 6 × (6+1) = 42) → Answer: 42

2. Squaring and Cubing Tricks

✅ Square Trick: Check if numbers are squared.
🔹 Example:
4 : 16 :: 6 : ?
(4² = 16, so 6² = 36) → Answer: 36

✅ Cube Trick: Try cubing numbers.
🔹 Example:
2 : 8 :: 3 : ?
(2³ = 8, so 3³ = 27) → Answer: 27

3. Prime Number Tricks

✅ Find the next prime: If numbers increase in an unusual way, check prime numbers.
🔹 Example:
3 : 5 :: 7 : ?
(Next prime after 3 is 5, after 7 is 11) → Answer: 11

4. Reverse & Digit-Based Tricks

✅ Reversal Trick: Reverse the digits of the first number to get the second.
🔹 Example:
12 : 21 :: 34 : ?
(Reverse 12 to get 21, so reverse 34 to get 43) → Answer: 43

✅ Sum of Digits Trick: Find the sum of digits.
🔹 Example:
36 : 9 :: 54 : ?
(3+6 = 9, 5+4 = 9) → Answer: 9

5. Alternating Pattern Tricks

✅ Two-Pattern Trick: If a series has four or more numbers, check for two interwoven patterns.
🔹 Example:
2, 5, 4, 9, 6, ?
(Even positions: +2 → 2, 4, 6… Odd positions: +4 → 5, 9, ? = 13) → Answer: 13

6. Factorial Trick

✅ Recognizing Factorials: If numbers grow very fast, check for factorials (n!).
🔹 Example:
2 : 2 :: 3 : 6 :: 4 : ?
(2! = 2, 3! = 6, 4! = 24) → Answer: 24

7. Fibonacci Series Trick

✅ If each number is the sum of the previous two, it’s a Fibonacci sequence.
🔹 Example:
1 : 1 :: 2 : 3 :: 3 : ?
(1+1 = 2, 1+2 = 3, 2+3 = 5) → Answer: 5

Here are some shortcut rules for solving number analogy problems quickly:

1. Check for Basic Arithmetic Operations

• Addition/Subtraction Rule: Look for a fixed difference.
  🔹 Example: 8 : 11 :: 15 : ? (8 + 3 = 11, so 15 + 3 = 18)

• Multiplication/Division Rule: Check if one number is a multiple or fraction of the other.
  🔹 Example: 6 : 18 :: 7 : ? (6 × 3 = 18, so 7 × 3 = 21)

2. Check for Squaring & Cubing

• Square Rule: If numbers increase quickly, check for squares.
  🔹 Example: 3 : 9 :: 4 : ? (3² = 9, 4² = 16)

• Cube Rule: If numbers grow even faster, check for cubes.
  🔹 Example: 2 : 8 :: 3 : ? (2³ = 8, 3³ = 27)

3. Check for Prime Numbers

• Prime Rule: If numbers are small and jump unpredictably, check if they are primes.
  🔹 Example: 5 : 11 :: 7 : ? (Next prime after 5 is 11, after 7 is 13)

4. Reverse or Digit-Based Patterns

• Reverse Rule: Numbers might be reversed.
  🔹 Example: 12 : 21 :: 34 : ? (Reverse 12 to 21, so 34 → 43)

• Sum of Digits Rule: If numbers shrink, check if digits are added.
  🔹 Example: 45 : 9 :: 63 : ? (4+5 = 9, 6+3 = 9)

5. Look for Alternating Patterns

• Double Sequence Rule: If there are four or more numbers, check two separate sequences.
  🔹 Example: 2, 5, 4, 9, 6, ? (Even positions: +2 → 2, 4, 6… Odd positions: +4 → 5, 9, ? = 13)

6. Check for Factorial Relationship

• Factorial Rule: If numbers grow exponentially, check factorials (n!).
  🔹 Example: 2 : 2 :: 3 : 6 :: 4 : ? (2! = 2, 3! = 6, 4! = 24)

7. Fibonacci Sequence Rule

• Fibonacci Rule: If numbers follow an adding pattern, check if each is the sum of the previous two.
  🔹 Example: 1 : 1 :: 2 : 3 :: 3 : ? (1+1 = 2, 1+2 = 3, 2+3 = 5)

Fundamentals of Nursing Study Material PDF Download Free 2025

Number analogy tricks